Space weather

Solar wind speed Solar wind magnetic fields Noon 10.7cm radio flux
Bt Bz

Update

Update

Update
SUMMARY
X-ray Event exceeded M5
Issued: 2024-03-28 06:45 UTC
X-ray Event exceeded M5
Begin Time: 2024 Mar 28 0616 UTC
Maximum Time: 2024 Mar 28 0629 UTC
End Time: 2024 Mar 28 0636 UTC
X-ray Class: M7.0
Location: S13W52
NOAA Scale: R2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact centered primarily on sub-solar point on the sunlit side of Earth.
Radio - Limited blackout of HF (high frequency) radio communication for tens of minutes.

ALERT
X-Ray Flux exceeded M5
Issued: 2024-03-28 06:29 UTC
X-Ray Flux exceeded M5
Threshold Reached: 2024 Mar 28 0627 UTC
NOAA Scale: R2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact centered on sub-solar point on the sunlit side of Earth. Extent of blackout of HF (high frequency) radio communication dependent upon current X-ray Flux intensity. For real-time information on affected area and expected duration please see http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/d-region-absorption-predictions-d-rap.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Issued: 2024-03-26 02:51 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 4573
Valid From: 2024 Mar 23 0415 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2024 Mar 26 0900 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

SUMMARY
Proton Event 10MeV Integral Flux exceeded 10pfu
Issued: 2024-03-26 01:30 UTC
Proton Event 10MeV Integral Flux exceeded 10pfu
Begin Time: 2024 Mar 23 0815 UTC
Maximum Time: 2024 Mar 23 1820 UTC
End Time: 2024 Mar 25 1515 UTC
Maximum 10MeV Flux: 956 pfu
NOAA Scale: S2 - Moderate

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Issued: 2024-03-25 19:12 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 4572
Valid From: 2024 Mar 23 0415 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2024 Mar 26 0300 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

EXTENDED WARNING
Proton 10MeV Integral Flux above 10pfu expected
Issued: 2024-03-25 11:53 UTC
Proton 10MeV Integral Flux above 10pfu expected
Extension to Serial Number: 553
Valid From: 2024 Mar 23 0617 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2024 Mar 25 2359 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence
Predicted NOAA Scale: S1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Radio - Minor impacts on polar HF (high frequency) radio propagation resulting in fades at lower frequencies.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Issued: 2024-03-25 08:56 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 4571
Valid From: 2024 Mar 23 0415 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2024 Mar 25 2100 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Issued: 2024-03-25 08:56 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 1861
Valid From: 2024 Mar 23 2036 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2024 Mar 25 1800 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-Index of 6 expected
Issued: 2024-03-25 08:56 UTC
Geomagnetic K-Index of 6 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 512
Valid From: 2024 Mar 24 1435 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2024 Mar 25 1500 UTC
Warning Condition: persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

SUMMARY
10cm Radio Burst
Issued: 2024-03-25 07:20 UTC
10cm Radio Burst
Begin Time: 2024 Mar 25 0643 UTC
Maximum Time: 2024 Mar 25 0643 UTC
End Time: 2024 Mar 25 0645 UTC
Duration: 2 minutes
Peak Flux: 310 sfu
Latest Penticton Noon Flux: 195 sfu
Description: A 10cm radio burst indicates that the electromagnetic burst associated with a solar flare at the 10cm wavelength was double or greater than the initial 10cm radio background. This can be indicative of significant radio noise in association with a solar flare. This noise is generally short-lived but can cause interference for sensitive receivers including radar, GPS, and satellite communications.

SUMMARY
Proton Event 10MeV Integral Flux exceeded 100pfu
Issued: 2024-03-25 07:01 UTC
Proton Event 10MeV Integral Flux exceeded 100pfu
Begin Time: 2024 Mar 23 1405 UTC
Maximum Time: 2024 Mar 23 1820 UTC
End Time: 2024 Mar 24 1945 UTC
Maximum 10MeV Flux: 956 pfu
NOAA Scale: S2 - Moderate

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Issued: 2024-03-25 05:24 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2024 Mar 25 0523 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0300-0600 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

EXTENDED WARNING
Proton 10MeV Integral Flux above 10pfu expected
Issued: 2024-03-24 23:36 UTC
Proton 10MeV Integral Flux above 10pfu expected
Extension to Serial Number: 552
Valid From: 2024 Mar 23 0617 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2024 Mar 25 1200 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence
Predicted NOAA Scale: S1 - Minor

Comment: This is an extension of the 10 MeV > 10pfu (S1) warning condition in response to continued flux above the S1 threshold.

Potential Impacts: Radio - Minor impacts on polar HF (high frequency) radio propagation resulting in fades at lower frequencies.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 6
Issued: 2024-03-24 19:07 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 6
Threshold Reached: 2024 Mar 24 1903 UTC
Synoptic Period: 1800-2100 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Issued: 2024-03-24 18:43 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2024 Mar 24 1840 UTC
Synoptic Period: 1800-2100 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 8, 9-
Issued: 2024-03-24 16:29 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 8, 9-
Threshold Reached: 2024 Mar 24 1628 UTC
Synoptic Period: 1500-1800 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G4 - Severe

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 45 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Possible widespread voltage control problems and some protective systems may mistakenly trip out key assets from the power grid. Induced pipeline currents intensify.
Spacecraft - Systems may experience surface charging; increased drag on low earth orbit satellites, and tracking and orientation problems may occur.
Navigation - Satellite navigation (GPS) degraded or inoperable for hours.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation sporadic or blacked out.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as Alabama and northern California.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 7
Issued: 2024-03-24 15:47 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 7
Threshold Reached: 2024 Mar 24 1546 UTC
Synoptic Period: 1500-1800 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G3 - Strong

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 50 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power system voltage irregularities possible, false alarms may be triggered on some protection devices.
Spacecraft - Systems may experience surface charging; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites and orientation problems may occur.
Navigation - Intermittent satellite navigation (GPS) problems, including loss-of-lock and increased range error may occur.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio may be intermittent.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as Pennsylvania to Iowa to Oregon.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 7 or greater expected
Issued: 2024-03-24 15:43 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 7 or greater expected
Valid From: 2024 Mar 24 1543 UTC
Valid To: 2024 Mar 25 0600 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset
NOAA Scale: G3 or greater

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 50 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power system voltage irregularities possible, false alarms may be triggered on some protection devices.
Spacecraft - Systems may experience surface charging; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites and orientation problems may occur.
Navigation - Intermittent satellite navigation (GPS) problems, including loss-of-lock and increased range error may occur.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio may be intermittent.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as Pennsylvania to Iowa to Oregon.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 6
Issued: 2024-03-24 15:31 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 6
Threshold Reached: 2024 Mar 24 1526 UTC
Synoptic Period: 1500-1800 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Issued: 2024-03-24 15:17 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2024 Mar 24 1516 UTC
Synoptic Period: 1500-1800 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

SUMMARY
Geomagnetic Sudden Impulse
Issued: 2024-03-24 15:02 UTC
Geomagnetic Sudden Impulse
Observed: 2024 Mar 24 1437 UTC
Deviation: 377 nT
Station: MEA

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 6
Issued: 2024-03-24 14:45 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 6
Threshold Reached: 2024 Mar 24 1444 UTC
Synoptic Period: 1200-1500 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Issued: 2024-03-24 14:43 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2024 Mar 24 1443 UTC
Synoptic Period: 1200-1500 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Issued: 2024-03-24 14:34 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 4570
Valid From: 2024 Mar 23 0415 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2024 Mar 25 1500 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Issued: 2024-03-24 14:34 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 1860
Valid From: 2024 Mar 23 2036 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2024 Mar 25 1200 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-Index of 6 expected
Issued: 2024-03-24 14:34 UTC
Geomagnetic K-Index of 6 expected
Valid From: 2024 Mar 24 1435 UTC
Valid To: 2024 Mar 25 0900 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset
NOAA Scale: G2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

WARNING
Geomagnetic Sudden Impulse expected
Issued: 2024-03-24 14:26 UTC
Geomagnetic Sudden Impulse expected
Valid From: 2024 Mar 24 1430 UTC
Valid To: 2024 Mar 24 1500 UTC
IP Shock Passage Observed: 2024 Mar 24 1411 UTC

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Issued: 2024-03-24 08:55 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 1859
Valid From: 2024 Mar 23 2036 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2024 Mar 24 1500 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Issued: 2024-03-24 08:55 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 4569
Valid From: 2024 Mar 23 0415 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2024 Mar 24 2100 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Issued: 2024-03-24 03:01 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2024 Mar 24 0259 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0000-0300 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 6
Issued: 2024-03-23 23:22 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 6
Threshold Reached: 2024 Mar 23 2320 UTC
Synoptic Period: 2100-2400 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Issued: 2024-03-23 22:24 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 1858
Valid From: 2024 Mar 23 2036 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2024 Mar 24 0900 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Issued: 2024-03-23 22:23 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 4568
Valid From: 2024 Mar 23 0415 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2024 Mar 24 1200 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-Index of 6 expected
Issued: 2024-03-23 22:20 UTC
Geomagnetic K-Index of 6 expected
Valid From: 2024 Mar 23 2219 UTC
Valid To: 2024 Mar 24 0600 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset
NOAA Scale: G2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Issued: 2024-03-23 21:44 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2024 Mar 23 2144 UTC
Synoptic Period: 2100-2400 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Issued: 2024-03-23 20:56 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2024 Mar 23 2055 UTC
Synoptic Period: 1800-2100 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

EXTENDED WARNING
Proton 10MeV Integral Flux above 10pfu expected
Issued: 2024-03-23 20:43 UTC
Proton 10MeV Integral Flux above 10pfu expected
Extension to Serial Number: 551
Valid From: 2024 Mar 23 0617 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2024 Mar 24 2359 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence
Predicted NOAA Scale: S2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Radio - Minor impacts on polar HF (high frequency) radio propagation resulting in fades at lower frequencies.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Issued: 2024-03-23 20:37 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Valid From: 2024 Mar 23 2036 UTC
Valid To: 2024 Mar 24 0600 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

WATCH
Geomagnetic Storm Category G3 Predicted
Issued: 2024-03-23 18:40 UTC
Geomagnetic Storm Category G3 Predicted

Highest Storm Level Predicted by Day:
Mar 24: G2 (Moderate) Mar 25: G3 (Strong) Mar 26: G1 (Minor)

THIS SUPERSEDES ANY/ALL PRIOR WATCHES IN EFFECT

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 50 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power system voltage irregularities possible, false alarms may be triggered on some protection devices.
Spacecraft - Systems may experience surface charging; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites and orientation problems may occur.
Navigation - Intermittent satellite navigation (GPS) problems, including loss-of-lock and increased range error may occur.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio may be intermittent.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as Pennsylvania to Iowa to Oregon.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Issued: 2024-03-23 17:54 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 4567
Valid From: 2024 Mar 23 0415 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2024 Mar 24 0600 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

SUMMARY
X-ray Event exceeded M5
Issued: 2024-03-23 15:14 UTC
X-ray Event exceeded M5
Begin Time: 2024 Mar 23 1351 UTC
Maximum Time: 2024 Mar 23 1402 UTC
End Time: 2024 Mar 23 1415 UTC
X-ray Class: M5.3
Optical Class: sf
Location: N21W02
NOAA Scale: R2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact centered primarily on sub-solar point on the sunlit side of Earth.
Radio - Limited blackout of HF (high frequency) radio communication for tens of minutes.

ALERT
Proton Event 10MeV Integral Flux exceeded 100pfu
Issued: 2024-03-23 14:30 UTC
Proton Event 10MeV Integral Flux exceeded 100pfu
Begin Time: 2024 Mar 23 1405 UTC
NOAA Scale: S2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Radiation - Passengers and crew in high latitude, high altitude flights may experience small, increased radiation exposures.
Spacecraft - Infrequent single-event upsets to satellites are possible.
Radio - Small effects on polar HF (high frequency) propagation resulting in fades at lower frequencies.

ALERT
X-Ray Flux exceeded M5
Issued: 2024-03-23 13:54 UTC
X-Ray Flux exceeded M5
Threshold Reached: 2024 Mar 23 1352 UTC
NOAA Scale: R2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact centered on sub-solar point on the sunlit side of Earth. Extent of blackout of HF (high frequency) radio communication dependent upon current X-ray Flux intensity. For real-time information on affected area and expected duration please see http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/d-region-absorption-predictions-d-rap.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Issued: 2024-03-23 11:55 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 4566
Valid From: 2024 Mar 23 0415 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2024 Mar 23 1800 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Issued: 2024-03-23 09:04 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2024 Mar 23 0859 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0600-0900 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

ALERT
Proton Event 10MeV Integral Flux exceeded 10pfu
Issued: 2024-03-23 08:33 UTC
Proton Event 10MeV Integral Flux exceeded 10pfu
Begin Time: 2024 Mar 23 0815 UTC
NOAA Scale: S1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Radio - Minor impacts on polar HF (high frequency) radio propagation resulting in fades at lower frequencies.

WARNING
Proton 10MeV Integral Flux above 10pfu expected
Issued: 2024-03-23 06:17 UTC
Proton 10MeV Integral Flux above 10pfu expected
Valid From: 2024 Mar 23 0617 UTC
Valid To: 2024 Mar 23 2100 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset
Predicted NOAA Scale: S1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Radio - Minor impacts on polar HF (high frequency) radio propagation resulting in fades at lower frequencies.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Issued: 2024-03-23 05:37 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2024 Mar 23 0536 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0300-0600 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Issued: 2024-03-23 05:23 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Valid From: 2024 Mar 23 0523 UTC
Valid To: 2024 Mar 23 1200 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 4
Issued: 2024-03-23 05:12 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4
Threshold Reached: 2024 Mar 23 0512 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0300-0600 UTC

Active Warning: Yes

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Issued: 2024-03-23 04:14 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Valid From: 2024 Mar 23 0415 UTC
Valid To: 2024 Mar 23 1200 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

SUMMARY
10cm Radio Burst
Issued: 2024-03-23 02:33 UTC
10cm Radio Burst
Begin Time: 2024 Mar 23 0107 UTC
Maximum Time: 2024 Mar 23 0117 UTC
End Time: 2024 Mar 23 0213 UTC
Duration: 66 minutes
Peak Flux: 240 sfu
Latest Penticton Noon Flux: 198 sfu
Description: A 10cm radio burst indicates that the electromagnetic burst associated with a solar flare at the 10cm wavelength was double or greater than the initial 10cm radio background. This can be indicative of significant radio noise in association with a solar flare. This noise is generally short-lived but can cause interference for sensitive receivers including radar, GPS, and satellite communications.

SUMMARY
X-ray Event exceeded X1
Issued: 2024-03-23 02:31 UTC
X-ray Event exceeded X1
Begin Time: 2024 Mar 23 0058 UTC
Maximum Time: 2024 Mar 23 0133 UTC
End Time: 2024 Mar 23 0222 UTC
X-ray Class: X1.1
Location: N17E03
NOAA Scale: R3 - Strong

Comment: Location is difficult to ascertain with certainty because both Region 3614 and Region 3615 (S13E10) erupted with nearly similar intensity.

Potential Impacts: Area of impact consists of large portions of the sunlit side of Earth, strongest at the sub-solar point.
Radio - Wide area blackout of HF (high frequency) radio communication for about an hour.

ALERT
Type II Radio Emission
Issued: 2024-03-23 02:02 UTC
Type II Radio Emission
Begin Time: 2024 Mar 23 0109 UTC
Estimated Velocity: 791 km/s
Description: Type II emissions occur in association with eruptions on the sun and typically indicate a coronal mass ejection is associated with a flare event.

ALERT
X-Ray Flux exceeded M5
Issued: 2024-03-23 01:19 UTC
X-Ray Flux exceeded M5
Threshold Reached: 2024 Mar 23 0116 UTC
NOAA Scale: R2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact centered on sub-solar point on the sunlit side of Earth. Extent of blackout of HF (high frequency) radio communication dependent upon current X-ray Flux intensity. For real-time information on affected area and expected duration please see http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/d-region-absorption-predictions-d-rap.

WATCH
Geomagnetic Storm Category G1 Predicted
Issued: 2024-03-22 20:13 UTC
Geomagnetic Storm Category G1 Predicted

Highest Storm Level Predicted by Day:
Mar 23: None (Below G1) Mar 24: None (Below G1) Mar 25: G1 (Minor)

THIS SUPERSEDES ANY/ALL PRIOR WATCHES IN EFFECT

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Issued: 2024-03-22 11:55 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 4564
Valid From: 2024 Mar 21 0304 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2024 Mar 22 1500 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Issued: 2024-03-22 08:55 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 4563
Valid From: 2024 Mar 21 0304 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2024 Mar 22 1200 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Issued: 2024-03-21 21:02 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2024 Mar 21 2059 UTC
Synoptic Period: 1800-2100 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Issued: 2024-03-21 20:39 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 1855
Valid From: 2024 Mar 21 1342 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2024 Mar 22 0600 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Issued: 2024-03-21 20:28 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 4562
Valid From: 2024 Mar 21 0304 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2024 Mar 22 0900 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Issued: 2024-03-21 18:03 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2024 Mar 21 1753 UTC
Synoptic Period: 1800-2100 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Issued: 2024-03-21 14:42 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2024 Mar 21 1441 UTC
Synoptic Period: 1200-1500 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Issued: 2024-03-21 13:42 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Valid From: 2024 Mar 21 1342 UTC
Valid To: 2024 Mar 21 2100 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 4
Issued: 2024-03-21 13:40 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4
Threshold Reached: 2024 Mar 21 1338 UTC
Synoptic Period: 1200-1500 UTC

Active Warning: Yes

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Issued: 2024-03-21 11:28 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 4561
Valid From: 2024 Mar 21 0304 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2024 Mar 21 2100 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Issued: 2024-03-21 03:04 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Valid From: 2024 Mar 21 0304 UTC
Valid To: 2024 Mar 21 1200 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

SUMMARY
X-ray Event exceeded M5
Issued: 2024-03-20 07:52 UTC
X-ray Event exceeded M5
Begin Time: 2024 Mar 20 0723 UTC
Maximum Time: 2024 Mar 20 0736 UTC
End Time: 2024 Mar 20 0747 UTC
X-ray Class: M7.4
Optical Class: 2b
Location: S12E49
NOAA Scale: R2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact centered primarily on sub-solar point on the sunlit side of Earth.
Radio - Limited blackout of HF (high frequency) radio communication for tens of minutes.

ALERT
X-Ray Flux exceeded M5
Issued: 2024-03-20 07:35 UTC
X-Ray Flux exceeded M5
Threshold Reached: 2024 Mar 20 0733 UTC
NOAA Scale: R2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact centered on sub-solar point on the sunlit side of Earth. Extent of blackout of HF (high frequency) radio communication dependent upon current X-ray Flux intensity. For real-time information on affected area and expected duration please see http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/d-region-absorption-predictions-d-rap.

SUMMARY
X-ray Event exceeded M5
Issued: 2024-03-18 19:42 UTC
X-ray Event exceeded M5
Begin Time: 2024 Mar 18 1902 UTC
Maximum Time: 2024 Mar 18 1919 UTC
End Time: 2024 Mar 18 1928 UTC
X-ray Class: M6.7
Location: S12E62
NOAA Scale: R2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact centered primarily on sub-solar point on the sunlit side of Earth.
Radio - Limited blackout of HF (high frequency) radio communication for tens of minutes.

ALERT
X-Ray Flux exceeded M5
Issued: 2024-03-18 19:18 UTC
X-Ray Flux exceeded M5
Threshold Reached: 2024 Mar 18 1916 UTC
NOAA Scale: R2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact centered on sub-solar point on the sunlit side of Earth. Extent of blackout of HF (high frequency) radio communication dependent upon current X-ray Flux intensity. For real-time information on affected area and expected duration please see http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/d-region-absorption-predictions-d-rap.

WATCH
Geomagnetic Storm Category G1 Predicted
Issued: 2024-03-18 10:11 UTC
Geomagnetic Storm Category G1 Predicted

Highest Storm Level Predicted by Day:
Mar 19: None (Below G1) Mar 20: G1 (Minor) Mar 21: G1 (Minor)

THIS SUPERSEDES ANY/ALL PRIOR WATCHES IN EFFECT

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

SUMMARY
Proton Event 10MeV Integral Flux exceeded 10pfu
Issued: 2024-03-16 20:20 UTC
Proton Event 10MeV Integral Flux exceeded 10pfu
Begin Time: 2024 Mar 15 2050 UTC
Maximum Time: 2024 Mar 16 0635 UTC
End Time: 2024 Mar 16 1505 UTC
Maximum 10MeV Flux: 16 pfu
NOAA Scale: S1 - Minor

CANCEL WARNING
Proton 10MeV Integral Flux above 10pfu expected
Issued: 2024-03-16 20:20 UTC
Proton 10MeV Integral Flux above 10pfu expected
Cancel Serial Number: 549
Original Issue Time: 2024 Mar 15 1544 UTC

Comment: The 10 MeV proton flux has decreased below event thresholds.

Potential Impacts: Radio - Minor impacts on polar HF (high frequency) radio propagation resulting in fades at lower frequencies.

EXTENDED WARNING
Proton 10MeV Integral Flux above 10pfu expected
Issued: 2024-03-16 05:55 UTC
Proton 10MeV Integral Flux above 10pfu expected
Extension to Serial Number: 548
Valid From: 2024 Mar 15 1545 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2024 Mar 16 2359 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence
Predicted NOAA Scale: S1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Radio - Minor impacts on polar HF (high frequency) radio propagation resulting in fades at lower frequencies.

ALERT
Proton Event 10MeV Integral Flux exceeded 10pfu
Issued: 2024-03-15 21:06 UTC
Proton Event 10MeV Integral Flux exceeded 10pfu
Begin Time: 2024 Mar 15 2050 UTC
NOAA Scale: S1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Radio - Minor impacts on polar HF (high frequency) radio propagation resulting in fades at lower frequencies.

WARNING
Proton 10MeV Integral Flux above 10pfu expected
Issued: 2024-03-15 15:44 UTC
Proton 10MeV Integral Flux above 10pfu expected
Valid From: 2024 Mar 15 1545 UTC
Valid To: 2024 Mar 16 0600 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset
Predicted NOAA Scale: S1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Radio - Minor impacts on polar HF (high frequency) radio propagation resulting in fades at lower frequencies.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 4
Issued: 2024-03-15 03:01 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4
Threshold Reached: 2024 Mar 15 0259 UTC
Synoptic Period: 0000-0300 UTC

Active Warning: Yes

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Issued: 2024-03-15 00:55 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Valid From: 2024 Mar 15 0055 UTC
Valid To: 2024 Mar 15 1200 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Issued: 2024-03-13 07:39 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Valid From: 2024 Mar 13 0738 UTC
Valid To: 2024 Mar 13 2359 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

ALERT
Electron 2MeV Integral Flux exceeded 1000pfu
Issued: 2024-03-11 14:03 UTC
Electron 2MeV Integral Flux exceeded 1000pfu
Threshold Reached: 2024 Mar 11 1345 UTC
Station: GOES16

Potential Impacts: Satellite systems may experience significant charging resulting in increased risk to satellite systems.

ALERT
Type II Radio Emission
Issued: 2024-03-11 09:17 UTC
Type II Radio Emission
Begin Time: 2024 Mar 11 0853 UTC
Estimated Velocity: 489 km/s
Description: Type II emissions occur in association with eruptions on the sun and typically indicate a coronal mass ejection is associated with a flare event.

SUMMARY
10cm Radio Burst
Issued: 2024-03-10 18:07 UTC
10cm Radio Burst
Begin Time: 2024 Mar 10 1530 UTC
Maximum Time: 2024 Mar 10 1532 UTC
End Time: 2024 Mar 10 1533 UTC
Duration: 3 minutes
Peak Flux: 150 sfu
Latest Penticton Noon Flux: 135 sfu
Description: A 10cm radio burst indicates that the electromagnetic burst associated with a solar flare at the 10cm wavelength was double or greater than the initial 10cm radio background. This can be indicative of significant radio noise in association with a solar flare. This noise is generally short-lived but can cause interference for sensitive receivers including radar, GPS, and satellite communications.

SUMMARY
X-ray Event exceeded M5
Issued: 2024-03-10 12:38 UTC
X-ray Event exceeded M5
Begin Time: 2024 Mar 10 1200 UTC
Maximum Time: 2024 Mar 10 1213 UTC
End Time: 2024 Mar 10 1220 UTC
X-ray Class: M7.4
Location: S13W35
NOAA Scale: R2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact centered primarily on sub-solar point on the sunlit side of Earth.
Radio - Limited blackout of HF (high frequency) radio communication for tens of minutes.

ALERT
Type II Radio Emission
Issued: 2024-03-10 12:33 UTC
Type II Radio Emission
Begin Time: 2024 Mar 10 1208 UTC
Estimated Velocity: 714 km/s
Description: Type II emissions occur in association with eruptions on the sun and typically indicate a coronal mass ejection is associated with a flare event.

SUMMARY
10cm Radio Burst
Issued: 2024-03-10 12:32 UTC
10cm Radio Burst
Begin Time: 2024 Mar 10 1208 UTC
Maximum Time: 2024 Mar 10 1209 UTC
End Time: 2024 Mar 10 1212 UTC
Duration: 4 minutes
Peak Flux: 340 sfu
Latest Penticton Noon Flux: 135 sfu
Description: A 10cm radio burst indicates that the electromagnetic burst associated with a solar flare at the 10cm wavelength was double or greater than the initial 10cm radio background. This can be indicative of significant radio noise in association with a solar flare. This noise is generally short-lived but can cause interference for sensitive receivers including radar, GPS, and satellite communications.

ALERT
X-Ray Flux exceeded M5
Issued: 2024-03-10 12:13 UTC
X-Ray Flux exceeded M5
Threshold Reached: 2024 Mar 10 1211 UTC
NOAA Scale: R2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact centered on sub-solar point on the sunlit side of Earth. Extent of blackout of HF (high frequency) radio communication dependent upon current X-ray Flux intensity. For real-time information on affected area and expected duration please see http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/d-region-absorption-predictions-d-rap.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 4
Issued: 2024-03-09 00:01 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4
Threshold Reached: 2024 Mar 08 2359 UTC
Synoptic Period: 2100-2400 UTC

Active Warning: Yes

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Issued: 2024-03-08 22:32 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Valid From: 2024 Mar 08 2231 UTC
Valid To: 2024 Mar 09 1200 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Issued: 2024-03-08 05:52 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 4556
Valid From: 2024 Mar 07 1800 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2024 Mar 08 1200 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

ALERT
Type IV Radio Emission
Issued: 2024-03-08 04:05 UTC
Type IV Radio Emission
Begin Time: 2024 Mar 08 0347 UTC
Description: Type IV emissions occur in association with major eruptions on the sun and are typically associated with strong coronal mass ejections and solar radiation storms.

ALERT
Type II Radio Emission
Issued: 2024-03-08 03:57 UTC
Type II Radio Emission
Begin Time: 2024 Mar 08 0340 UTC
Estimated Velocity: 1242 km/s
Description: Type II emissions occur in association with eruptions on the sun and typically indicate a coronal mass ejection is associated with a flare event.

CANCEL ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 4
Issued: 2024-03-07 23:52 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4
Cancel Serial Number: 2429
Original Issue Time: 2024 Mar 07 2344 UTC

Comment: Bad magnetometer data at the Ottawa site caused a false Kp=4 (Active) event. Disregard previous K-index of 4 alert. Kp=4 warning still valid until 08 Mar at 0600 UTC.

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Issued: 2024-03-07 23:45 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 4555
Valid From: 2024 Mar 07 1800 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2024 Mar 08 0600 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 4
Issued: 2024-03-07 23:44 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4
Threshold Reached: 2024 Mar 07 2343 UTC
Synoptic Period: 2100-2400 UTC

Active Warning: Yes

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

ALERT
Type II Radio Emission
Issued: 2024-03-07 23:21 UTC
Type II Radio Emission
Begin Time: 2024 Mar 07 2225 UTC
Estimated Velocity: 904 km/s
Description: Type II emissions occur in association with eruptions on the sun and typically indicate a coronal mass ejection is associated with a flare event.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Issued: 2024-03-07 17:56 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Valid From: 2024 Mar 07 1800 UTC
Valid To: 2024 Mar 07 2359 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

WATCH
Geomagnetic Storm Category G1 Predicted
Issued: 2024-03-06 18:30 UTC
Geomagnetic Storm Category G1 Predicted

Highest Storm Level Predicted by Day:
Mar 07: None (Below G1) Mar 08: None (Below G1) Mar 09: G1 (Minor)

THIS SUPERSEDES ANY/ALL PRIOR WATCHES IN EFFECT

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

ALERT
Type II Radio Emission
Issued: 2024-03-06 04:04 UTC
Type II Radio Emission
Begin Time: 2024 Mar 06 0333 UTC
Estimated Velocity: 1516 km/s
Description: Type II emissions occur in association with eruptions on the sun and typically indicate a coronal mass ejection is associated with a flare event.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Issued: 2024-03-03 23:45 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 4553
Valid From: 2024 Mar 03 1010 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2024 Mar 04 1200 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 6
Issued: 2024-03-03 21:24 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 6
Threshold Reached: 2024 Mar 03 2059 UTC
Synoptic Period: 1800-2100 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-Index of 6 expected
Issued: 2024-03-03 19:55 UTC
Geomagnetic K-Index of 6 expected
Valid From: 2024 Mar 03 1954 UTC
Valid To: 2024 Mar 03 2359 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset
NOAA Scale: G2 - Moderate

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Issued: 2024-03-03 18:48 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2024 Mar 03 1844 UTC
Synoptic Period: 1800-2100 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Issued: 2024-03-03 17:31 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2024 Mar 03 1725 UTC
Synoptic Period: 1500-1800 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Issued: 2024-03-03 14:28 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5
Threshold Reached: 2024 Mar 03 1424 UTC
Synoptic Period: 1200-1500 UTC

Active Warning: Yes
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

EXTENDED WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Issued: 2024-03-03 13:54 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 4552
Valid From: 2024 Mar 03 1010 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2024 Mar 03 2359 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Issued: 2024-03-03 13:53 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 5 expected
Valid From: 2024 Mar 03 1352 UTC
Valid To: 2024 Mar 03 2359 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset
NOAA Scale: G1 - Minor

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 60 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Spacecraft - Minor impact on satellite operations possible.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes, i.e., northern tier of the U.S. such as northern Michigan and Maine.

ALERT
Geomagnetic K-index of 4
Issued: 2024-03-03 13:34 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4
Threshold Reached: 2024 Mar 03 1330 UTC
Synoptic Period: 1200-1500 UTC

Active Warning: Yes

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

WARNING
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Issued: 2024-03-03 10:09 UTC
Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Valid From: 2024 Mar 03 1010 UTC
Valid To: 2024 Mar 03 1800 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset

Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

ALERT
Type II Radio Emission
Issued: 2024-02-28 09:36 UTC
Type II Radio Emission
Begin Time: 2024 Feb 28 0907 UTC
Estimated Velocity: 432 km/s
Description: Type II emissions occur in association with eruptions on the sun and typically indicate a coronal mass ejection is associated with a flare event.

Table

Date Radio flux 10.7 cm SESC Sunspot number Sunspot area 10E-6 New regions GOES15 X-ray Bkgd flux Flares
X-ray Optical
C M X S 1 2 3
27th February 2024 168 103 1130 0 * 4 0 0 6 0 0 0
28th February 2024 180 127 1340 1 * 8 1 0 4 0 0 0
29th February 2024 164 107 1560 1 * 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
1st March 2024 153 120 1300 1 * 9 0 0 8 0 0 0
2nd March 2024 152 91 700 1 * 5 0 0 2 0 0 0
3rd March 2024 146 90 530 1 * 8 0 0 8 0 0 0
4th March 2024 140 113 480 2 * 7 0 0 1 0 0 0
5th March 2024 142 121 560 1 * 6 0 0 2 0 0 0
6th March 2024 136 105 510 0 * 3 0 0 2 0 0 0
7th March 2024 137 99 370 1 * 12 0 0 11 0 0 0
8th March 2024 129 91 260 0 * 3 1 0 3 0 0 0
9th March 2024 135 99 310 0 * 6 0 0 2 0 0 0
10th March 2024 127 77 280 0 * 6 1 0 3 1 0 0
11th March 2024 127 56 190 0 * 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
12th March 2024 131 68 320 2 * 14 0 0 6 0 0 0
13th March 2024 128 86 320 3 * 3 0 0 0 0 0 0
14th March 2024 127 88 240 1 * 6 1 0 1 0 0 0
15th March 2024 129 49 80 1 * 3 0 0 0 0 0 0
16th March 2024 144 67 140 1 * 4 2 0 1 0 0 0
17th March 2024 151 86 290 1 * 14 0 0 2 0 0 0
18th March 2024 177 127 580 2 * 7 3 0 1 0 0 0
19th March 2024 169 123 680 0 * 15 2 0 11 1 0 0
20th March 2024 176 120 730 1 * 8 2 0 8 1 0 1
21st March 2024 197 141 1060 2 * 3 0 0 4 0 0 0
22nd March 2024 198 171 1080 1 * 15 2 0 18 1 1 0
23rd March 2024 209 146 1280 1 * 5 12 1 9 3 3 0
24th March 2024 195 145 1230 1 * 12 9 0 12 6 2 0
25th March 2024 190 163 1540 1 * 10 1 0 20 1 0 0
26th March 2024 178 149 1480 0 * 17 6 0 9 0 0 0
27th March 2024 175 114 1270 0 * 13 2 0 27 2 0 0
Average/Total 157 108 728 27 233 45 1 181 16 6 1

Summary graph

Flares

Solar wind

Solar Wind

The solar wind is a stream of plasma released from the upper atmosphere of the Sun. It consists of mostly electrons, protons and alpha particles with energies usually between 1.5 and 10 keV. The stream of particles varies in density, temperature, and speed over time and over solar longitude. These particles can escape the Sun's gravity because of their high energy, from the high temperature of the corona and magnetic, electrical and electromagnetic phenomena in it.

The solar wind is divided into two components, respectively termed the slow solar wind and the fast solar wind. The slow solar wind has a velocity of about 400 km/s, a temperature of 1.4–1.6×10e6 K and a composition that is a close match to the corona. By contrast, the fast solar wind has a typical velocity of 750 km/s, a temperature of 8×10e5 K and it nearly matches the composition of the Sun's photosphere. The slow solar wind is twice as dense and more variable in intensity than the fast solar wind. The slow wind also has a more complex structure, with turbulent regions and large-scale structures.

Solar radio flux at 10.7 cm

Solar radio flux at 10.7 cm

The solar radio flux at 10.7 cm (2800 MHz) is an excellent indicator of solar activity. Often called the F10.7 index, it is one of the longest running records of solar activity. The F10.7 radio emissions originates high in the chromosphere and low in the corona of the solar atmosphere. The F10.7 correlates well with the sunspot number as well as a number of UltraViolet (UV) and visible solar irradiance records. Reported in “solar flux units”, (s.f.u.), the F10.7 can vary from below 50 s.f.u., to above 300 s.f.u., over the course of a solar cycle.

Flares

Flares

A solar flare is a sudden flash of brightness observed over the Sun's surface or the solar limb, which is interpreted as a large energy release of up to 6 × 10e25 joules of energy. They are often, but not always, followed by a colossal coronal mass ejection. The flare ejects clouds of electrons, ions, and atoms through the corona of the sun into space. These clouds typically reach Earth a day or two after the event.

Solar flares affect all layers of the solar atmosphere (photosphere, chromosphere, and corona), when the plasma medium is heated to tens of millions of kelvin, while the electrons, protons, and heavier ions are accelerated to near the speed of light. They produce radiation across the electromagnetic spectrum at all wavelengths, from radio waves to gamma rays, although most of the energy is spread over frequencies outside the visual range and for this reason the majority of the flares are not visible to the naked eye and must be observed with special instruments. Flares occur in active regions around sunspots, where intense magnetic fields penetrate the photosphere to link the corona to the solar interior. Flares are powered by the sudden (timescales of minutes to tens of minutes) release of magnetic energy stored in the corona. The same energy releases may produce coronal mass ejections (CME), although the relation between CMEs and flares is still not well established.

The frequency of occurrence of solar flares varies, from several per day when the Sun is particularly "active" to less than one every week when the Sun is "quiet", following the 11-year cycle (the solar cycle). Large flares are less frequent than smaller ones.

Classification

Solar flares are classified as A, B, C, M or X according to the peak flux (in watts per square metre, W/m2) of 100 to 800 picometre X-rays near Earth, as measured on the GOES spacecraft.

Classification Peak Flux Range at 100-800 picometer
W/m2
A < 10e-7
B 10e-7 to 10e-6
C 10e-6 to 10e-5
M 10e-5 to 10e-4
X 10e-4 to 10e-3
Z > 10e-3

An earlier flare classification is based on Hα spectral observations. The scheme uses both the intensity and emitting surface. The classification in intensity is qualitative, referring to the flares as: (f)aint, (n)ormal or (b)rilliant. The emitting surface is measured in terms of millionths of the hemisphere and is described below. (The total hemisphere area AH = 6.2 × 1012 km2.)

Classification Corrected area
(millionths of hemisphere)
S < 100
1 100 - 250
2 250 - 600
3 600 - 1200
4 > 1200

Sunspot number

Sunspots

Sunspots are temporary phenomena on the photosphere of the Sun that appear visibly as dark spots compared to surrounding regions. They correspond to concentrations of magnetic field that inhibit convection and result in reduced surface temperature compared to the surrounding photosphere. Sunspots usually appear in pairs, with pair members of opposite magnetic polarity. The number of sunspots varies according to the approximately 11-year solar cycle.

Sunspot populations quickly rise and more slowly fall on an irregular cycle of 11 years, although significant variations in the number of sunspots attending the 11-year period are known over longer spans of time. For example, from 1900 to the 1960s, the solar maxima trend of sunspot count has been upward; from the 1960s to the present, it has diminished somewhat. Over the last decades the Sun has had a markedly high average level of sunspot activity; it was last similarly active over 8,000 years ago.

The number of sunspots correlates with the intensity of solar radiation over the period since 1979, when satellite measurements of absolute radiative flux became available. Since sunspots are darker than the surrounding photosphere it might be expected that more sunspots would lead to less solar radiation and a decreased solar constant. However, the surrounding margins of sunspots are brighter than the average, and so are hotter; overall, more sunspots increase the Sun's solar constant or brightness. The variation caused by the sunspot cycle to solar output is relatively small, on the order of 0.1% of the solar constant (a peak-to-trough range of 1.3 W/m2 compared to 1366 W/m2 for the average solar constant).

K-indices



Today


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2. 00 1. 33 2.



Data


Estimated Planetary

Estimated Planetary

Date A K-indices (UTC)
0h 3h 6h 9h 12h 15h 18h 21h
28th February 2024 6 1. 67 1. 33 1.
29th February 2024 4 1. 00 0. 33 1.
1st March 2024 9 3. 00 3. 00 3.
2nd March 2024 5 2. 33 1. 67 1.
3rd March 2024 29 2. 67 1. 00 0.
4th March 2024 10 4. 00 2. 33 2.
5th March 2024 7 2. 67 1. 00 2.
6th March 2024 6 1. 00 3. 00 2.
7th March 2024 12 3. 00 2. 00 2.
8th March 2024 11 3. 00 3. 33 2.
9th March 2024 13 4. 00 3. 33 2.
10th March 2024 7 1. 33 1. 33 2.
11th March 2024 4 1. 00 1. 00 2.
12th March 2024 6 3. 00 1. 00 1.
13th March 2024 9 1. 33 0. 67 3.
14th March 2024 8 1. 33 2. 67 2.
15th March 2024 8 3. 67 2. 33 2.
16th March 2024 3 0. 33 0. 33 0.
17th March 2024 3 0. 33 0. 67 0.
18th March 2024 6 0. 33 0. 33 0.
19th March 2024 9 3. 00 2. 33 2.
20th March 2024 4 1. 67 0. 67 1.
21st March 2024 27 3. 33 2. 33 3.
22nd March 2024 11 3. 67 3. 33 3.
23rd March 2024 36 2. 67 5. 00 4.
24th March 2024 64 4. 67 3. 33 3.
25th March 2024 22 4. 33 5. 00 3.
26th March 2024 11 3. 33 2. 67 1.
27th March 2024 7 3. 00 1. 33 2.
28th March 2024 6 2. 00 1. 33 2.

Middle Latitude

Date A K-indices
28th February 2024 5 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 1
29th February 2024 4 1 0 2 1 2 1 1 1
1st March 2024 9 3 3 3 1 2 2 1 1
2nd March 2024 3 2 1 1 1 2 1 0 0
3rd March 2024 20 3 0 0 2 5 5 4 3
4th March 2024 8 3 2 3 1 2 2 1 2
5th March 2024 7 2 1 2 1 3 2 2 1
6th March 2024 5 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 0
7th March 2024 8 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
8th March 2024 9 2 3 2 1 3 1 2 3
9th March 2024 11 3 3 3 2 2 2 3 2
10th March 2024 6 1 2 2 3 2 1 2 0
11th March 2024 4 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 0
12th March 2024 4 2 0 0 2 2 2 1 0
13th March 2024 7 0 0 3 2 3 3 1 1
14th March 2024 7 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 3
15th March 2024 8 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 1
16th March 2024 3 0 0 0 1 2 2 1 0
17th March 2024 2 0 0 0 1 2 1 1 0
18th March 2024 5 0 0 0 1 2 2 2 3
19th March 2024 7 2 1 2 3 2 1 2 2
20th March 2024 3 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 2
21st March 2024 20 3 2 3 2 5 4 4 3
22nd March 2024 10 3 3 3 3 1 2 1 1
23rd March 2024 25 3 5 4 4 3 4 3 4
24th March 2024 43 4 3 3 4 5 7 5 4
25th March 2024 17 4 4 3 3 4 2 2 2
26th March 2024 11 3 2 1 3 2 2 3 3
27th March 2024 7 3 1 2 2 2 2 1 2
28th March 2024 1 1 2 1

High Latitude

Date A K-indices
28th February 2024 7 0 0 1 5 1 0 1 0
29th February 2024 4 0 0 2 1 3 2 0 0
1st March 2024 11 1 2 4 4 2 2 2 0
2nd March 2024 3 1 1 2 1 2 0 1 0
3rd March 2024 49 0 0 0 3 7 7 6 3
4th March 2024 7 2 2 3 3 1 1 1 1
5th March 2024 7 1 0 4 3 2 1 1 0
6th March 2024 11 0 1 1 4 5 1 0 0
7th March 2024 13 2 1 2 3 4 4 2 2
8th March 2024 10 2 3 3 2 2 2 1 3
9th March 2024 13 3 2 3 5 2 1 1 1
10th March 2024 9 1 1 2 5 1 2 1 0
11th March 2024 4 0 1 2 3 2 1 0 0
12th March 2024 9 1 0 0 5 2 3 0 0
13th March 2024 20 0 0 4 5 4 5 2 0
14th March 2024 4 1 2 0 3 0 1 1 1
15th March 2024 6 1 2 3 3 1 0 1 0
16th March 2024 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
17th March 2024 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
18th March 2024 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2
19th March 2024 13 2 3 4 4 3 2 1 1
20th March 2024 4 0 0 3 3 0 0 0 0
21st March 2024 45 2 2 3 4 7 6 6 2
22nd March 2024 9 3 2 3 4 1 1 0 0
23rd March 2024 44 2 4 7 5 4 5 4 4
24th March 2024 00 4 4 5 5 6 9 7 4
25th March 2024 21 3 3 4 4 5 3 3 1
26th March 2024 9 2 3 1 3 3 2 1 2
27th March 2024 4 2 2 2 2 1 0 0 1
28th March 2024 2 2 1 5

About

The K-index quantifies disturbances in the horizontal component of earth's magnetic field with an integer in the range 0–9 with 1 being calm and 5 or more indicating a geomagnetic storm. It is derived from the maximum fluctuations of horizontal components observed on a magnetometer during a three-hour interval. The label K comes from the German word Kennziffer meaning “characteristic digit”. The K-index was introduced by Julius Bartels in 1938.

The Estimated 3-hour Planetary Kp-index is derived at the NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center using data from the following ground-based magnetometers:

  • Sitka, Alaska
  • Meanook, Canada
  • Ottawa, Canada
  • Fredericksburg, Virginia
  • Hartland, UK
  • Wingst, Germany
  • Niemegk, Germany
  • Canberra, Australia

These data are made available thanks to the cooperative efforts between SWPC and data providers around the world, which currently includes the U.S. Geological Survey, Natural Resources Canada (NRCAN), the British Geological Survey, the German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), and Geoscience Australia. Important magnetometer observations are also contributed by the Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris and the Korean Space Weather Center K-index Watches are issued when the highest predicted NOAA estimated Kp-indices for a day are K = 5, 6, 7, or >= 8 and is reported in terms of the NOAA G scale. K-index Warnings are issued when NOAA estimated Kp-indices of 4, 5, 6, and 7 or greater are expected. K-index Alerts are issued when the NOAA estimated Kp-indices reach 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9.


More info
Data source: NOAA, Wikipedia

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